NOTE 3 – Securities

The estimated fair value of available-for-sale securities and the related gross unrealized gains and losses recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows:

The cost basis, estimated fair value of available-for-sale securities, and carrying amount, if different, at December 31, 2023, by contractual maturity were as follows. Securities not due at a single maturity date, primarily mortgage-backed securities, are shown separately.

Sales of available-for-sale securities were as follows:

The tax benefits related to these net realized losses were approximately $11 thousand for 2023. The tax provisions related to these net realized gains were approximately $157 thousand for 2022.

Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) balances, net of tax, related to available-for-sale securities, were as follows:

Securities with carrying values of approximately $324.1 million and $223.7 million were pledged as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, as collateral for repurchase agreements, public funds, and for other purposes as permitted or required by law.

Securities with unrealized losses at December 31, 2023, and 2022, not recognized in income are as follows:

Unrealized losses on securities have not been recognized into income because the securities are of high credit quality or have undisrupted cash flows. Management has the intent and ability to hold those securities for the foreseeable future, and the decline in fair value is largely due to changes in interest rates and volatility in securities markets. The fair values are expected to recover as the securities approach maturity.

AFS securities are not within the scope of the CECL methodology; however, the accounting for credit losses on these securities is affected by ASC 326-30. ASC 326 allows for prospective adoption of previously recorded other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) on AFS securities. At adoption, the Bank had $173 thousand of previously recorded credit impairment on trust preferred AFS securities. The Bank believes this continues to represent the expected credit losses of the amortized cost basis, therefore, no additional ACL has been established for AFS debt securities at January 1, 2023. The need for an ACL is monitored quarterly and is measured by evaluating the present value of cash flows as compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. After adoption, if there is a decrease in future expected cash flows due to a deterioration in credit, an ACL will be recorded. If there is an improvement in credit, any previously recorded ACL will be reduced. Improvement in credit beyond any ACL that has been established will be recorded in the income statement in the period in which the cash recovery is received. At December 31, 2023 collateralized debt obligations with a cost basis of $2.2 million and fair value of $1.4 million had previously recorded impairment of $173 thousand, which will not be recoverable until maturity of the security.